Which units express this difference in energy

By definition:. It is to be noted that a 1 GWe plant does not normally generate 1 GWyr of electricity per year. The ratio of the actual electricity generated to the amount which would be generated were the plant to operate at full capacity for one year is the capacity factor.

Thus, typically, the relation between primary energy used and electricity produced is approximately:. Librarians Authors Referees Media Students. Login Become a Member Contact Us. Introduction Many sorts of units are used in energy discussions. They fall into two broad categories: a those whose definition is not related to a particular fuel, which we here term "basic" units; and b those whose definition is related to idealized properties of a specific fuel, which we here term "source-based" units.

These units, along with special topics related to electricity, are discussed in succeeding sections. Table 1 gives conversion factors between units, as well as the energy content of specific fuels. Basic Units Joule J. This is the basic energy unit of the metric system, or in a later more comprehensive formulation, the International System of Units SI. It is ultimately defined in terms of the meter, kilogram, and second.

Calorie cal. Historically the calorie was defined in terms of the heating of water. More recently the calorie has been defined in terms of the joule; the equivalence between the calorie and joule is historically known as the mechanical equivalent of heat.

British thermal unit Btu. This is the English system analog of the calorie. Kilowatt-hour kWh. The kilowatt-hour is a standard unit of electricity production and consumption. In discussing the production and use of energy it is often convenient to speak in terms of the bulk amount of fuel, e.

These terms are sometimes used not only to denote a volume or mass, but also to represent an amount of energy. While useful in putting a primary focus on the fuel of interest, there is an intrinsic imprecision in such an approach because "oil" and "coal" embrace a variety of products, with different energy contents per unit mass. The differences can be large.

The heat content for several common fuels, as well as the weighted averages for petroleum, coal and natural gas consumed in the U. Special topics relating to electricity Gross and net electricity production.

The gross electricity generation for example, in kWh is the amount of energy measured at the terminals of the generating unit. The net generation is measured at the output transformer of the power plant. Table IV. What is the relationship between a calorie and a kilocalorie? Many nutrition experts say that an average person needs 2, Cal per day from his or her diet. How many joules is this? Baby formula typically has How many ounces of formula should a baby drink per day if the RDI is Cal?

Help Creative Commons. Creative Commons supports free culture from music to education. Their licenses helped make this book available to you. Help a Public School. Previous Section. Table of Contents. Next Section. Note Although the joule is the proper SI unit for energy, we will use the calorie or the kilocalorie or Calorie in this chapter because they are widely used by health professionals.

Example 1 The energy content of a single serving of bread is Solution This is a simple conversion-factor problem. Skill-Building Exercise The energy content of one cup of honey is 1, Cal. To Your Health: Energy Expenditures Most health professionals agree that exercise is a valuable component of a healthy lifestyle. Concept Review Exercises What is the relationship between energy and heat? What units are used to express energy and heat?

Answers Heat is the exchange of energy from one part of the universe to another. Key Takeaways Energy is the ability to do work. Heat is the transfer of energy due to temperature differences.

Energy and heat are expressed in units of joules. Exercises Define energy. What is heat? Related questions. A battery has a difference in potential energy between the positive terminal and negative terminal which units express this difference in energy? Units used to express energy?

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